Zafar Shayan
Ernesto Teodoro Moneta was an Italian journalist and the 1907 Noble Peace Prize winner. He was born in 1833 in Milan, Italy and died in 1918. He took part in an uprising against Austrian rule, ‘Five Days of Milan’, when he was 15 years old. Later he joined Italian military academic and took part in fight against Austrians in 1959-60 and 1866.
Although he had a military background, he became a peace activist and pacifist, but remained Italian nationalist. After the 1866 campaign he left his military career and started a normal life. He was also working as an editor of II Secolo, the most sold newspaper in 19th and 20th century in Italy, founded in 1866 for 18 years (1867-1895).
Teodoro Moneta also founded Lombard Association for Peace and Arbitration, which supported disarmament. In the last three decades of his life, Teodoro Moneta collected materials for his book, Le Guerre, le insurrezioni e la pace ne secolo XIX (Wars, Insurrections and Peace in the Nineteenth Century), which was published in four volumes in 1903, 1904, 1906, and 1910. The first volume contains a detailed description of the development of the international peace movement during the century.
In 1890, he started publishing the annual almanac of L’Amico della pace (The friends of peace). He also continued writing for II Secolo after his retirement. In 1898, he established a magazine caleed La Vita Internazionale (International Life), which gained popularity in Italy. In 1895, he became the Italian representative in the Commission of the International Peace Bureau. He attended several international peace congresses and in 1906 he led the 15the International Congress on Peace. In 1907, he received the Nobel Peace Prize together with French jurist Louis Renault.
The Nobel Prize: www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1907/moneta/biographical
Wikipedia (Italian)